{ "schemaVersion": "2.0.0", "proposalId": "one-boise", "publicationDate": "2026-07-21", "lastUpdated": "2026-07-21", "status": "evidentiary-representation-plan", "governance": { "form": "mayor-council", "mayor": 1, "councilSeats": 7, "electionMethod": "one council member elected from each geographic district", "legalMechanism": "The statewide Municipal Consolidation Compact Act amends Idaho Code sections 50-701, 50-703, and 50-707A to authorize seven members when separate city majorities approve a consolidation compact.", "voterProtected": true, "sourceRefs": [ "idaho-code-50-701", "idaho-code-50-707a", "idaho-constitution-article-iii-19" ] }, "gardenCityRepresentation": { "seat": "The Garden City District elects one full voting member of the seven-member One Boise City Council, with the same motion, amendment, committee, and roll-call powers as every other council member.", "advisoryBody": "None. One Boise creates no substitute Garden City advisory board, liaison panel, or nonvoting seat.", "protectedTerms": "The permanent district name, City Hall anchor, maximum-extent whole-community rule, and transfer-day territorial protections can be reduced only by a proposition that wins concurrent majorities among (1) current qualified successor-city electors residing inside the immutable transfer-day Garden City origin polygon and (2) all other current qualified successor-city electors. Later-annexed residents vote in the second electorate; detached nonresidents vote in neither.", "sourceRefs": [ "one-boise-compact", "idaho-code-50-701", "idaho-code-50-707a" ] }, "mapBasis": { "populationDataset": "2020 Census PL 94-171 block population", "municipalBoundaries": "Current Boise and Garden City polygons returned 2026-07-21", "precinctBoundaries": "Current Ada County precinct polygons returned 2026-07-21", "assignmentRule": "Whole current election precincts; populated Census blocks assigned by internal point; every included precinct is assigned exactly once.", "totalPopulation": 248872, "idealDistrictPopulation": 35553.142857142855, "sourceRefs": [ "census-2020-block-service", "ada-current-city-boundaries", "ada-current-precincts" ] }, "districts": [ { "id": "district-1", "name": "District 1", "population": 34638, "deviation": -915.142857142855, "deviationPercent": -2.574, "precincts": [ 1803, 1805, 1806, 1807, 1810, 1811, 1812, 1813, 1814, 1816, 1817, 1818, 1820, 1905, 1924, 1925 ] }, { "id": "district-2", "name": "District 2", "population": 36217, "deviation": 663.857142857145, "deviationPercent": 1.867, "precincts": [ 1606, 1607, 1608, 1903, 1904, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923 ] }, { "id": "district-3", "name": "District 3", "population": 34654, "deviation": -899.142857142855, "deviationPercent": -2.529, "precincts": [ 1710, 1711, 1712, 1713, 1716, 1717, 1718, 1719, 1801, 1802, 1804, 1808 ] }, { "id": "district-4", "name": "District 4", "population": 37027, "deviation": 1473.857142857145, "deviationPercent": 4.146, "precincts": [ 1514, 1515, 1517, 1518, 1519, 1520, 1616, 1701, 1702, 1703, 1704, 1705, 1706, 2209, 2210 ] }, { "id": "district-5", "name": "District 5", "population": 35446, "deviation": -107.142857142855, "deviationPercent": -0.301, "precincts": [ 1417, 1501, 1502, 1503, 1504, 1505, 1506, 1507, 1508, 1509, 1510, 1511, 1512, 1513, 1516, 2009, 2015, 2120 ] }, { "id": "district-6", "name": "District 6", "population": 34642, "deviation": -911.142857142855, "deviationPercent": -2.563, "precincts": [ 1614, 1615, 1617, 1618, 1619, 1707, 1708, 1709, 1714, 1715, 1809, 1815, 1819, 2221 ] }, { "id": "garden-city-district", "name": "Garden City District", "population": 36248, "deviation": 694.857142857145, "deviationPercent": 1.954, "precincts": [ 1601, 1602, 1603, 1604, 1605, 1609, 1610, 1611, 1612, 1613, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912 ], "identityRule": "The district name is permanent. It contains every current precinct with Garden City population plus contiguous Boise precincts sufficient to reach equal population." } ], "populationCompliance": { "smallestDistrict": { "id": "district-1", "population": 34638 }, "largestDistrict": { "id": "district-4", "population": 37027 }, "largestToSmallestDifference": 2389, "maximumTotalDeviationPercent": 6.72, "federalRule": "A state or local legislative map below 10 percent maximum total deviation presumptively complies with one-person, one-vote.", "result": "6.720 percent is below the 10 percent threshold. Every mainland district is connected by physical official-precinct edges. Precinct 1702 has no physical precinct edge; the statewide enabling act deems it contiguous solely for municipal districting to precinct 1519. The statutory edge adds no noncity territory and is not represented as official adjacency.", "sourceRefs": [ "evenwel-v-abbott", "idaho-code-50-707a" ] }, "votingRightsScreen": { "artifact": "voting-rights.json", "result": "No whole-precinct comparator in the exact, spatially unconstrained 90-to-110-percent population search can satisfy the first Gingles majority precondition. Every single-group VAP maximum is negative. The broadest nonoverlapping protected-group coalition also fails: its maximum VAP majority margin is -11,261 and its identity-preserving adverse CVAP majority-margin outer bound is -127.292. Badillo v. City of Stockton does not squarely decide whether coalition claims are cognizable in the Ninth Circuit, but the broader assumed coalition cannot clear the numerical gate. Louisiana v. Callais requires any Section 2 comparator to be drawn without race as a criterion and to meet every legitimate districting objective. This certificate searches a broader universe and still finds no majority. The compact map was fixed before demographic data were opened, so Section 2 supplies no basis for a race-based alteration.", "exactAlternativeDistrictCertificate": { "populationEnvelope": { "ideal": 35553.142857142855, "floor": 31998, "ceiling": 39108, "rule": "The search allows every whole-precinct subset from 90 to 110 percent of ideal, a wider envelope than any district in a seven-seat plan with maximum total deviation below 10 percent can occupy." }, "searchRule": "Exact 0/1 dynamic programming tests every population sum in the envelope without requiring contiguity, compactness, preservation of municipalities, or completion of the other six districts. Failure in this deliberately broader universe proves failure under the compact map rules.", "vap": [ { "group": "hispanic", "majorityPossible": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -17659, "majorityMarginWitnessShare": 0.1442156586211065 }, { "group": "black", "majorityPossible": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -22547, "majorityMarginWitnessShare": 0.02241050624867613 }, { "group": "aian", "majorityPossible": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -23171, "majorityMarginWitnessShare": 0.0045755826384434465 }, { "group": "asian", "majorityPossible": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -19779, "majorityMarginWitnessShare": 0.08277433236299203 }, { "group": "nhpi", "majorityPossible": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -23263, "majorityMarginWitnessShare": 0.003033539841914121 } ], "cvapMoeRule": "For a deliberately conservative sensitivity bound, every allocated protected-group estimate is increased by its full published 90-percent margin of error and every allocated total-CVAP estimate is reduced by its full margin of error. Allocated margins are summed rather than root-sum-squared, further widening the bound.", "cvapSensitivity": [ { "group": "hispanic", "majorityPossibleAtConservativeMoeBound": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -3492.351, "majorityMarginWitnessShareUpper": 0.3911756494398147 }, { "group": "black", "majorityPossibleAtConservativeMoeBound": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -11559.32, "majorityMarginWitnessShareUpper": 0.08689929563563101 }, { "group": "aian", "majorityPossibleAtConservativeMoeBound": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -12362.515, "majorityMarginWitnessShareUpper": 0.04554144470588511 }, { "group": "asian", "majorityPossibleAtConservativeMoeBound": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -9232.604, "majorityMarginWitnessShareUpper": 0.1854901900936382 }, { "group": "nhpi", "majorityPossibleAtConservativeMoeBound": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -12583.279, "majorityMarginWitnessShareUpper": 0.040422720093943924 } ], "coalition": { "definition": "The broadest nonoverlapping protected-group coalition: every Hispanic or Latino voter plus every non-Hispanic voter not classified as White alone. In PL P4 this equals total VAP minus non-Hispanic White-alone VAP. In the ACS CVAP special tabulation it equals total CVAP minus non-Hispanic White-alone CVAP.", "ninthCircuitRule": "Badillo v. City of Stockton did not decide that a coalition claim is categorically available; it tested a combined Black-Hispanic claim and required proof that the combined group is politically cohesive. Allen v. Milligan (2026) confirms after Louisiana v. Callais that the minority group must be politically cohesive and that majority bloc voting must defeat its preferred candidate for racial reasons after party affiliation is controlled.", "vap": { "majorityPossible": false, "maximumMajorityMargin": -11261, "certificatePopulation": 32032, "certificateCoalitionVap": 6687, "certificateTotalVap": 24635, "majorityMarginWitnessShare": 0.2714430688045464, "certificatePrecincts": [ 1506, 1513, 1517, 1518, 1610, 1616, 1708, 1715, 1814, 1820, 2221 ] }, "cvapSensitivity": { "rule": "Preserve the published identity coalition CVAP = total CVAP minus non-Hispanic White-alone CVAP, so the majority margin is total CVAP minus twice White-alone CVAP. Exact dynamic programming maximizes that point-estimate margin. For sampling error, bound A applies the Census square-root-of-summed-squares method within each precinct and the triangle inequality across selected precincts; bound B gives every subset the full citywide Census RSS allowance. The true margin is no greater than either bound and therefore no greater than any convex combination of them. The builder minimizes that upper envelope over the convex weight and exactly maximizes each weighted additive bound by population dynamic programming. It separately publishes an eight-precinct grouped triangle bound. The lowest certified outer bound governs every whole-precinct subset in the population envelope.", "majorityPossibleAtConservativeMoeBound": false, "maximumPointEstimateMajorityMargin": -11867.634, "citywideTotalCvapMoeAllowance": 4234.702, "citywideWhiteAloneCvapMoeAllowance": 3957.61, "totalMajorityMarginMoeAllowance": 12149.921, "groupedOuterBoundPrecinctsPerGroup": 8, "groupedOuterBoundGroupCount": 14, "groupedMaximumMajorityMarginUpperBound": 1353.796, "optimizedHybridWeight": 0.485720441, "optimizedHybridMaximumMajorityMarginUpperBound": -127.292, "maximumMajorityMarginUpperBound": -127.292, "certificatePopulation": 32046, "certificatePrecincts": [ 1517, 1520, 1619, 1706, 1708, 1718, 1817, 1818, 1820, 1905, 1908, 1915 ] } } }, "highestHispanicVapShare": 0.10665594630497098, "highestHispanicCvapShare": 0.10737783157845697, "highestTotalMinorityCvapShare": 0.18196965603655973, "fixedMapBeforeDemographics": { "artifact": "district-block-assignments.json", "sha256": "fdc7008b994213d89e461927db96e35aef440fbf1bd9a6f768d3f07cf043d53b", "demographicsUsedToDrawLines": false, "lineDrawingInputs": [ "2020 Census total population", "official municipal geometry", "official election-precinct geometry", "statutory municipal-island links", "compact districting rules" ], "postMapAuditInputs": [ "2020 Census PL P3/P4 voting-age counts", "2020-2024 ACS CVAP estimates and margins of error" ] }, "sourceRefs": [ "census-2020-pl-p3-p4", "census-2020-2024-cvap", "census-acs-moe-guidance-2026", "thornburg-v-gingles", "bartlett-v-strickland", "badillo-v-city-of-stockton", "louisiana-v-callais-2026", "allen-v-milligan-2026" ] }, "firstElectionCertification": { "snapshotTrigger": "The instant immediately before package deposit and either city's compact adoption, when the county clerk certifies the complete canonical voter package for its named consolidation-election date.", "certifiedInputs": [ "the Boise and Garden City municipal boundaries then legally in effect", "the Ada County precinct map then on file under Idaho Code section 34-301", "the most recent federal decennial census block population" ], "automaticRule": "The published race-neutral district build runs once against the pre-resolution snapshot. Its map certificate, source hashes, district geometry, precinct and block assignments, voting-rights certificate, Garden City origin polygon, and manifest digest enter the canonical package before adoption. Consolidation certification only activates the voted attachments; no later hash or precinct maintenance reruns or supersedes them. If the proposition is not held on the package's named date, the package expires and the cities rebuild, redeposit, and readopt it.", "precinctFreeze": "The certified district polygons govern the first successor officer election. After-deposit county precinct maintenance is intersected with those polygons: each nonempty precinct-by-district intersection is a ballot subdivision, a split inherits the polygon it occupies, a merge crossing a council line is re-split on that line, and a renumbering is an alias. The county publishes the residence-to-ballot-style crosswalk; no voter crosses a certified council line and no voted file changes.", "municipalBoundaryFreeze": "Every municipal boundary change not legally effective by the package-certification cutoff is frozen through legal transfer. At transfer, a pending annexation or detachment may take effect only as a successor-city change. It never changes the deposit-certified Garden City origin polygon; added territory is later-annexed territory.", "electionTiming": "The successor officer election is held on the first date authorized by Idaho Code section 50-405 that falls at least 120 days after the later of pre-resolution map-and-package certification or certification of the separate consolidation majorities.", "raceNeutralOrder": "The district-block assignment is completed and SHA-256 fingerprinted before PL P3/P4 or CVAP data are opened. Race, ethnicity, citizenship, and partisan data are excluded from line drawing and enter only the post-map voting-rights audit.", "sourceRefs": [ "idaho-code-34-301", "idaho-code-50-707a", "idaho-code-title-50-chapter-21", "louisiana-v-callais-2026" ] }, "municipalIslandRule": { "edgeType": "statutory-deemed-contiguity", "islandPrecinct": 1702, "anchorPrecinct": 1519, "physicalAdjacency": false, "officialPrecinctAdjacency": false, "rule": "The statewide Municipal Consolidation Compact Act deems precinct 1702 contiguous solely for successor municipal districting to precinct 1519 and requires both in one council district. The rule changes no precinct or municipal boundary and includes no intervening land.", "successorRule": "If either identifier changes after package certification, every ballot subdivision containing part of the certified precinct-1702 municipal-island geometry inherits the statutory edge to the ballot subdivision containing the certified anchor point at longitude -116.3376115, latitude 43.6003017. County maintenance changes ballot administration, not the voted district polygons.", "continuityEvidence": "The current official Boise map places both precincts in Boise Council District 1. That is continuity evidence, not an adjacency claim.", "sourceRefs": [ "idaho-code-50-707a", "boise-council-districts-open-data", "one-boise-compact" ] }, "automaticRebalancing": { "trigger": "The first regular city election after each federal decennial census or an earlier court order.", "hardRules": [ "Use the most recent federal decennial census and whole current election precincts.", "Return exactly seven single-member districts and assign every successor-city precinct exactly once.", "Keep every district contiguous under physical precinct edges plus a published statewide municipal-island rule.", "Keep maximum total deviation below 10 percent.", "Keep the named Garden City District anchored to the transfer-day Garden City Hall parcel at 6015 North Glenwood Street." ], "nearestExtentObjective": [ "First test the entire transfer-day Garden City territory as one hard Garden City District assignment.", "Among feasible maps, minimize maximum total population deviation.", "Then minimize the sum of absolute district deviations.", "Then minimize decennial-census population moved from its prior district.", "Then minimize cut physical-precinct edges.", "Break a remaining tie by the lexicographically smallest serialized precinct assignment." ], "gardenCityConflictRule": "If and only if the exact solver proves that no seven-district whole-precinct contiguous map below 10 percent can keep all transfer-day Garden City territory together, the named district keeps the transfer-day City Hall parcel and the maximum attainable transfer-day Garden City decennial-census population. The solver minimizes the number of former-Garden-City precincts outside it and then applies the nearest-extent objective. The infeasibility certificate and winning assignment publish with the map.", "territorialProtectionRule": "An electoral split compelled by equal population never changes the immutable transfer-day Garden City origin polygon used to classify current territorial electors, the land-use protections, utility firewall, Preservation Reserve, or Dividend share. Those protections follow the transfer-day polygon, not later council lines.", "publicationRule": "Publish the input hashes, GeoJSON, precinct and block assignments, physical and statutory topology, deviations, exact-solver certificate, and reproducing code before adoption." }, "voterProtection": "The seven-seat council, district election, permanent Garden City District name and City Hall anchor, whole-community rule to the maximum extent consistent with equal population, and permanent transfer-day territorial protections may be reduced only by another proposition receiving concurrent majorities among (1) current qualified successor-city electors residing inside the immutable transfer-day Garden City origin polygon and (2) all other current qualified successor-city electors. Later-annexed residents vote in the second electorate; detached nonresidents vote in neither.", "sourceRefs": [ "census-2020-block-service", "ada-current-city-boundaries", "ada-current-precincts", "boise-council-districts-open-data", "census-2020-pl-p3-p4", "census-2020-2024-cvap", "idaho-code-50-701", "idaho-code-50-707a", "evenwel-v-abbott", "thornburg-v-gingles", "bartlett-v-strickland", "louisiana-v-callais-2026", "idaho-code-34-301", "garden-city-city-hall", "badillo-v-city-of-stockton", "allen-v-milligan-2026" ] }